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Browse the Jewish textual tradition
תנ"ךTanakhTorah, Prophets, and Writings, which together make up the Hebrew Bible, Judaism's foundational text.משנהMishnahFirst major work of rabbinic literature, compiled around 200 CE, documenting a multiplicity of legal opinions in the oral tradition.תלמודTalmudGenerations of rabbinic debate about law, ethics, and Bible, structured as commentary on the Mishnah with stories interwoven.מדרשMidrashInterpretations and elaborations upon biblical texts, including stories, parables, and legal deductions.הלכהHalakhahLegal works providing guidance on all aspects of Jewish life. Rooted in past sources and growing to address changing realities.קבלהKabbalahMystical works addressing topics like God’s attributes and the relationship between God’s eternality and the finite universe.סדר התפילהLiturgyPrayers, poems, and ritual texts, like Siddur and Haggadah, recited in daily worship or at specific occasions.מחשבת ישראלJewish ThoughtJewish philosophy and theology, ranging from medieval to contemporary, analyzing topics like free will and chosenness.תוספתאToseftaCompanion volumes to the Mishnah, containing laws and discussions that were not included in the Mishnah’s redaction.חסידותChasidutSpiritual revival movement founded in the 18th century, focusing on communion with God and divinity in the material world.ספרי מוסרMusarVirtue-based instruction for moral and spiritual character development, ranging from medieval to contemporary.שו"תResponsaAnswers and decisions written by rabbinic leaders in response to questions, demonstrating the application of Jewish law to actual cases.בית שניSecond TempleWorks compiled around the time period of the Second Temple, which stood for several centuries and was destroyed in 70 CE.מילונים וספרי יעץReferenceDictionaries, grammar works, and encyclopedias, from medieval to contemporary.